說說紫銅管在各方面的實際用途

 紫(zi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)比純(chun)(chun)鐵廣泛(fan)得多，每年有50%的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)被電(dian)(dian)解提純(chun)(chun)為純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)業。這(zhe)里所說(shuo)的(de)紫(zi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，確(que)實要非常(chang)純(chun)(chun)，含(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)達99.95%以上(shang)才行，極少(shao)量(liang)的(de)雜質(zhi)(zhi)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)磷、砷(shen)、鋁等，會大(da)大(da)降低銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)導電(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中含(han)氧(煉銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)容易混入(ru)少(shao)量(liang)氧)對(dui)導電(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)影(ying)響很(hen)大(da)，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)業的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)般都必須是(shi)(shi)無氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。另外，鉛、銻(ti)、鉍等雜質(zhi)(zhi)會使銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)結(jie)晶不能結(jie)合(he)在一(yi)(yi)起，造成(cheng)熱脆，也會影(ying)響純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)加工(gong)。這(zhe)種(zhong)純(chun)(chun)度(du)(du)很(hen)高的(de)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，一(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)解法精(jing)制：把不純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(即粗銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong))作(zuo)陽極，純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)陰極，以硫酸銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)溶液為電(dian)(dian)解液。當電(dian)(dian)流通過后，陽極上(shang)不純(chun)(chun)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)逐漸熔解，純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)便逐漸沉淀(dian)在陰極上(shang)。這(zhe)樣精(jing)制而得的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong);純(chun)(chun)度(du)(du)可(ke)達99.99%。紫(zi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)比較純(chun)(chun)凈的(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)近似認為是(shi)(shi)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，導電(dian)(dian)性(xing)、塑性(xing)都較好，但強度(du)(du)、硬度(du)(du)較差(cha)一(yi)(yi)些。