空調銅鋁管好不好

空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)好(hao)(hao)(hao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)(hao)?我(wo)們先來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)下空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定義：在(zai)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)端(duan)各焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)段銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)即為(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。　　空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)好(hao)(hao)(hao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)(hao)?曾經有人指出銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)缺點：　　1、空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)密度(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao)，質(zhi)地軟，容易(yi)漏(lou)氟；　　2、空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壽(shou)(shou)命只有空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半，制冷(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)也(ye)相(xiang)對更(geng)差；　　3、空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)承(cheng)壓能(neng)(neng)力僅是(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1／3，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“黑心(xin)(xin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)"只是(shi)兩(liang)端(duan)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，中間部(bu)分(fen)都是(shi)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，隨時有可能(neng)(neng)發(fa)生瞬間爆裂，威(wei)脅用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)。　　空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)好(hao)(hao)(hao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)(hao)？消費(fei)(fei)者對空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疑慮：連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)整(zheng)體部(bu)件中很小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)，基本(ben)不(bu)(bu)(bu)被(bei)消費(fei)(fei)者關注，而由(you)于以往空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材質(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)代(dai)替銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，消費(fei)(fei)者不(bu)(bu)(bu)免產(chan)生是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)廠(chang)家(jia)(jia)“偷工減(jian)料"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疑慮。一(yi)(yi)(yi)項調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)查顯示(shi)，47.04%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消費(fei)(fei)者認為(wei)(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)就(jiu)是(shi)“黑心(xin)(xin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)"。　　？我(wo)們來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)：　　1、焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)技術優勢(shi)：運用(yong)(yong)(yong)薄壁銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)技術生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第三代(dai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)(han)(han)縫強(qiang)度(du)(du)高于銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自身強(qiang)度(du)(du)。　　2、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命優勢(shi)：空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)表(biao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了交聯(lian)聚(ju)乙烯(xi)做(zuo)防腐處(chu)理(li)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo)20年(nian)。我(wo)國(guo)電冰箱行業(ye)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史已(yi)經超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo)20年(nian)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冰箱已(yi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo)1億臺，從未(wei)發(fa)現從內(nei)部(bu)向(xiang)外(wai)部(bu)腐蝕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件。從銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)表(biao)來(lai)(lai)(lai)看，其外(wai)表(biao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了交聯(lian)聚(ju)乙烯(xi)（熱(re)(re)(re)縮管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)）做(zuo)防腐處(chu)理(li)，進行整(zheng)體保(bao)護，保(bao)證隔(ge)絕水份(fen)和潮(chao)濕空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣對鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)(shi)，壽(shou)(shou)命超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)過(guo)20年(nian)。而銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)做(zuo)防腐處(chu)理(li)，其外(wai)表(biao)是(shi)裸露的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，20年(nian)之內(nei)有可能(neng)(neng)產(chan)生一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)(shi)現象，這說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命高于銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。　　3、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)優勢(shi)：采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)將有利(li)于連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)溫，減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)冷(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)浪(lang)費(fei)(fei)，提高節(jie)能(neng)(neng)水平。不(bu)(bu)(bu)論使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)還是(shi)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，都要在(zai)金(jin)屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)包一(yi)(yi)(yi)層保(bao)溫套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，這層套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，就(jiu)是(shi)提高隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)，以降低(di)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帶來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)損失。而銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系數(shu)為(wei)(wei)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1.8倍，因此(ci)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)將有利(li)于連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)溫，減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)冷(leng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)浪(lang)費(fei)(fei)，提高節(jie)能(neng)(neng)水平。再加上(shang)外(wai)表(biao)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)層用(yong)(yong)(yong)于防止腐蝕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交聯(lian)聚(ju)乙烯(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，隔(ge)熱(re)(re)(re)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步增加，因此(ci)，空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)遠小(xiao)(xiao)于銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，具(ju)有節(jie)能(neng)(neng)優勢(shi)。　　4、彎曲(qu)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)優良，易(yi)于安(an)裝、移機(ji)。鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)比(bi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)軟，空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計壁厚是(shi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1.5倍，不(bu)(bu)(bu)但強(qiang)度(du)(du)有保(bao)證，相(xiang)對全(quan)(quan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)更(geng)易(yi)于安(an)裝和移機(ji)；如(ru)果(guo)(guo)單純通(tong)過(guo)降低(di)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁厚來(lai)(lai)(lai)降低(di)成本(ben)，如(ru)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)≤0.6mm壁厚銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)但容易(yi)折扁(bian)、凹陷、而且容易(yi)影(ying)響連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與內(nei)外(wai)機(ji)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密封效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)，發(fa)生泄漏(lou)，影(ying)響空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制冷(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)，甚(shen)至導(dao)致銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)報(bao)廢。所以空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝性(xing)能(neng)(neng)明(ming)顯優于全(quan)(quan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)于空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制冷(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)與安(an)裝質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)關系密切，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)器(qi)更(geng)易(yi)于安(an)裝，制冷(leng)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)更(geng)有保(bao)障。　　？空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未(wei)來(lai)(lai)(lai)趨勢(shi)：早在(zai)2004年(nian)，空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)就(jiu)已(yi)開始出口(kou)(kou)到歐盟、日本(ben)等(deng)國(guo)。目(mu)(mu)(mu)前主(zhu)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)企業(ye)也(ye)已(yi)經成功(gong)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命在(zai)20年(nian)以上(shang)。目(mu)(mu)(mu)前生產(chan)出來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)分(fen)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于內(nei)銷產(chan)品，部(bu)分(fen)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于出口(kou)(kou)到北(bei)美、歐洲市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)已(yi)被(bei)中國(guo)發(fa)明(ming)協會(hui)推(tui)薦為(wei)(wei)2007年(nian)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)排項目(mu)(mu)(mu)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定程(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)緩解我(wo)國(guo)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)資源緊缺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況。　　“"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題相(xiang)信大(da)家(jia)(jia)都已(yi)經明(ming)白(bai)了。那么我(wo)們來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制造(zao)方(fang)法：　　1、焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)：焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)方(fang)法有摩擦焊(han)(han)(han)、儲能(neng)(neng)焊(han)(han)(han)、閃光焊(han)(han)(han)、電阻焊(han)(han)(han)、釬焊(han)(han)(han)及超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)等(deng)。　　2、非焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)：非焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)方(fang)法有洛克環、絲扣及膠粘軋壓等(deng)。　　“"大(da)家(jia)(jia)都知道了。我(wo)們說(shuo)(shuo)下空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)：銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)主(zhu)要有直(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)對接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、擴口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)插接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、縮口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)插接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)和縮口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)搭(da)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)4種。見下圖(tu)1 空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)圖(tu)1：空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)